The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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422 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18294
All Eyes on the Nerd? The Unequal Distribution of Teachers’ Attention
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Tommaso Sartori
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18283
Can the Keyboard Beat the Good Old Pen? Computer-Based Testing and Students’ Performance
Pedro Freitas, Luis Catela Nunes, Ana B Reis, João Pereira dos Santos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18208
Freed from the Boys: How Single-Sex Schooling Shapes Girls’ Effort and Performance in High-Stakes Exams
Caterina Calsamiglia, Yarine Fawaz, Daniel Fernández-Kranz, Junhee Lee
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18178
International Student Migration: Did Brexit Close the Door to EU Students?
Joanna Clifton-Sprigg, Ines Homburg, Anneleen Huyghe, Suncica Vujic
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18171
Private Highs: Investigating University Overmatch Among Students from Elite Schools
Jo Blanden, Oliver Cassagneau-Francis, Lindsey Macmillan, Gill Wyness
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18126
Violence at School
Josefa Aguirre, Fernanda Ramírez-Espinoza, Roman Andres Zarate
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18104
Long-Term Care Insurance Policy and Development of Elderly Care Enterprises in China
Tianli Yang, Zhong Zhao
published online in: China Economic Review, 22 September 2025, 102564
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18080
The Educational Achievement Penalty from School Exclusion
Neil Rowland, Babak Jahanshahi, Duncan McVicar, Corina Miller
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18044
Does Being Excluded from School Harm Student Achievement? Evidence from Siblings in English Population Data
Andrew McLean, Duncan McVicar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 18003
Serving Countries, Shaping Views: Military Conscription and Attitude Towards Immigrants
Giacomo De Luca, Andrea Montalbano, Steven Stillman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17969
A Matter of Time? Measuring Effects of Public Schooling Expansions on Families
Chloe Gibbs, Jocelyn Wikle, Riley Wilson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17879
Improving First-Generation College Students’ Education and Employment Outcomes: Effects of a Targeted Scholarship Program
Gopinath Annadurai, Soham Sahoo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17815
Long-term Effects of Phonics Approaches to the Development of Reading Skills
Carsten Elbro, Nicolai Kristensen, Peter Rohde Skov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17790
Why Does Starting School Older Harm Schooling? The Role of Youth Employment Laws
Itay Attar, Danny Cohen-Zada
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17703
Math Exposure and University Performance: Causal Evidence from Twins
Graziella Bertocchi, Luca Bonacini, Majlinda Joxhe, Giuseppe Pignataro
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17642
Public Long-Term Care Insurance and Retirement Intentions of Urban Workers: Evidence from China
Tianli Yang, Zhong Zhao
published in: Health Economics, 2025, 34 (9), 1537-1559
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17633
Human Capital from Childhood Exposure to Homeownership: Evidence from Right-to-Buy
Richard Disney, John Gathergood, Stephen Machin, Matteo Sandi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17492
Does Social Pension Insurance Increase the Efficiency of Household Financial Portfolios?
Xueying Liu, Zhong Zhao
published in: Finance Research Letters, 2025, 81, 107323
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17387
Timing of School Entry and Personality Traits in Adulthood
Anton Barabasch, Kamila Cygan-Rehm, Andreas Leibing
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17303
Should States Allow Early School Enrollment? An Analysis of Individuals' Long-Term Labor Market Effects
Katja Görlitz, Pascal Heß, Marcus Tamm
published in: Empirical Economics, 2025, 68, 2383–2411
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