The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising over 14,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics. 

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15,761 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15766
Internet Use and Fertility Behavior among Reproductive-Age Women in China
Peng Nie, Xu Peng, Tianyuan Luo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15765
Parental Beliefs, Perceived Health Risks, and Time Investment in Children: Evidence from COVID-19
Gabriella Conti, Michele Giannola, Alessandro Toppeta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15764
Climate Change and Political Participation: Evidence from India
Amrit Amirapu, Irma Clots-Figueras, Juan Pablo Rud
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15763
On the Psychology of the Relation between Optimism and Risk Taking
Thomas Dohmen, Simone Quercia, Jana Willrodt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15762
Creative Disruption: Technology Innovation, Labour Demand and the Pandemic
Erling Barth, Alex Bryson, Harald Dale-Olsen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15761
Spatial Spillovers of Conflict in Somalia
Marco Alfano, Thomas Cornelissen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15760
Import Competition, Formalization, and the Role of Contract Labor
Pavel Chakraborty, Rahul Singh, Vidhya Soundararajan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15759
Hours Inequality
Daniele Checchi, Cecilia Garca-Peñalosa, Lara Vivian
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15758
Are Retirement Planning Tools Substitutes or Complements to Financial Capability?
Gopi Shah Goda, Matthew R. Levy, Colleen Flaherty Manchester, Aaron Sojourner, Joshua Tasoff, Jiusi Xiao
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15757
Dynamic Relationships between Criminal Offending and Victimization
Christopher Erwin, Juliane Hennecke, Lisa Meehan, Gail Pacheco
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15756
Does It Pay to Attend More Selective High Schools? Regression Discontinuity Evidence from China
Bin Huang, Bo Li, Ian Walker, Yu Zhu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15755
Telework during the Pandemic: Patterns, Challenges, and Opportunities for People with Disabilities
Mason Ameri, Douglas L. Kruse, So Ri Park, Yana van der Meulen Rodgers, Lisa Schur
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15754
The Uneven Effect of COVID School Closures: Parents in Teleworkable vs. Non-teleworkable Occupations
Ainoa Aparicio Fenoll
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15753
Public Opinion, Racial Bias, and Labor Market Outcomes
Kaveh Majlesi, Silvia Prina, Paul Sullivan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15752
The Impact of ICT and Robots on Labour Market Outcomes of Demographic Groups in Europe
Maciej Albinowski, Piotr Lewandowski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15751
Do Class Closures Affect Students' Achievements? Heterogeneous Effects of Students' Socioeconomic Backgrounds
Masato Oikawa, Ryuichi Tanaka, Shun-ichiro Bessho, Akira Kawamura, Haruko Noguchi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15750
Housing Demolition and Occupational Mobility: Evidence from China
Chuhong Wang, Yonghua Wang, Xingfei Liu, Jiatong Zhong
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15749
Who Divorces Whom: Unilateral Divorce Legislation and the Educational Structure of Marriage
Geghetsik Afunts, Štepán Jurajda
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15748
Do College Admissions Criteria Matter? Evidence from Discretionary vs. Grade-Based Admission Policies
Rais Kamis, Jessica Pan, Kelvin Seah
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15747
Do Job Seekers Understand the UI Benefit System (And Does It Matter)?
Steffen Altmann, Sofie Cairo, Robert Mahlstedt, Alexander Sebald
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15746
Immigrant Peers and Foreign Language Acquisition
Colin P. Green, Kristine Bekkeheien Haaland, Jon Marius Vaag Iversen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15745
Maternal and Infant Health Inequality: New Evidence from Linked Administrative Data
Kate Kennedy-Moulton, Sarah Miller, Petra Persson, Maya Rossin-Slater, Laura R. Wherry, Gloria Aldana
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15744
Internal Adjustment Costs of Firm-Specific Factors and the Neoclassical Theory of the Firm
V. K. Chetty, James J. Heckman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15743
The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply
Eliana Carranza, Aletheia Donald, Florian Grosset, Supreet Kaur
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15742
Do Pension Benefits Accelerate Cognitive Decline? Evidence from Rural China
Plamen Nikolov, Md Shahadath Hossain
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15741
The Labour Market Returns to Sleep
Joan Costa-Font, Sarah Flèche, Ricardo Pagan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15740
Can Temporary Wage Incentives Increase Formal Employment? Experimental Evidence from Mexico
Martin Abel, Eliana Carranza, Kimberly Geronimo, Maria Elena Ortega
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15739
Aging in Style: Does How We Write Matter?
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Lea-Rachel Kosnik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15738
Welfare and Distributional Impact of Soaring Prices in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Cathal O'Donoghue, Jules Linden, Iryna Kyzyma, Jason Loughrey
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15737
Commitment and the Dynamics of Household Labor Supply
Alexandros Theloudis, Jorge Velilla, Pierre-André Chiappori, J. Ignacio Gimenez-Nadal, José Alberto Molina
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15736
The Impact of Immigration and Integration Policies On Immigrant-Native Labor Market Hierarchies
Martin Guzi, Martin Kahanec, Lucia Mýtna Kureková
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15735
Job Insecurity and Health: Evidence from Older European Workers
Eduard Suari-Andreu, Tim Schwartz, Max van Lent, Marike Knoef
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15734
Social Restrictions and Well-Being: Disentangling the Mechanisms
Francesca Foliano, Valentina Tonei, Almudena Sevilla
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15733
Female Neighbors, Test Scores, and Careers
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yi Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15732
The Broken Chain: Evidence against Emotionally Driven Upstream Indirect Reciprocity
Wendelin Schnedler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15731
The Empirics of Technology, Employment and Occupations: Lessons Learned and Challenges Ahead
Fabio Montobbio, Jacopo Staccioli, Maria Enrica Virgillito, Marco Vivarelli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15730
Vaccine-Skeptic Physicians and COVID-19 Vaccination Rates
Andreas Steinmayr, Manuel Rossi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15729
Marijuana Legalization and Mental Health
Daniel Borbely, Otto Lenhart, Jonathan Norris, Agnese Romiti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15728
High Speed Internet and the Widening Gender Gap in Adolescent Mental Health: Evidence from Hospital Records
Esther Arenas-Arroyo, Daniel Fernández-Kranz, Natalia Nollenberger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15727
Doubly Robust Estimation of Local Average Treatment Effects Using Inverse Probability Weighted Regression Adjustment
Tymon Sloczynski, Derya Uysal, Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15726
The Effects of a Disability Employment Quota When Compliance Is Cheaper than Defiance
Judit Krekó, Álmos Telegdy
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15725
Government Subsidies as a Risk-Sharing Policy Tool in Innovation Investment
Hao Lu, Claudia De Fuentes, Joniada Milla, Soheil Ahmadi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15724
Firm Consolidation and Labor Market Outcomes
Sabien Dobbelaere, Grace McCormack, Daniel Prinz, Sandor Sovago
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15723
Keep Calm and Carry On: The Short- vs. Long-Run Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on (Academic) Performance
Lea Cassar, Mira Fischer, Vanessa Valero
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15722
How Do Immigrants Promote Exports? Networks, Knowledge, Diversity.
Gianluca Orefice, Hillel Rapoport, Gianluca Santoni
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15721
The Puzzle of Educated Unemployment in West Africa
Esther Mirjam Girsberger, Romuald Meango
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15720
Physical Isolation and Loneliness: Evidence from COVID Lockdowns in Australia
Nancy Kong, Jack Lam
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15719
The Gift of a Lifetime: The Hospital, Modern Medicine, and Mortality
Alex Hollingsworth, Melissa A. Thomasson, Krzysztof Karbownik, Anthony Wray
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15718
Hate in the Time of COVID-19: Racial Crimes against East Asians
Joel Carr, Jonathan James, Joanna Clifton-Sprigg, Suncica Vujic
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15717
How Substitutable Are Workers? Evidence from Worker Deaths
Simon Jäger, Jörg Heining
revise and resubmit: American Economic Review
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15716
Revenue Drift, Incentives, and Effort Allocation in Social Enterprises
Theodor Vladasel, Simon C. Parker, Randolph Sloof, Mirjam C. van Praag
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15715
Teleworking and Life Satisfaction during COVID-19: The Importance of Family Structure
Claudia Senik, Andrew E. Clark, Conchita D'Ambrosio, Anthony Lepinteur, Carsten Schröder
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15714
Public Employment Agency Reform, Matching Efficiency, and German Unemployment
Christian Merkl, Timo Sauerbier
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15713
The Future Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Mythical Agents, a Singleton and the Dark Forest
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15712
The Distribution of Ambiguity Attitudes
Hans-Martin von Gaudecker, Axel Wogrolly, Christian Zimpelmann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15711
Medical Innovation and Health Disparities
Barton H. Hamilton, Andrés Hincapié, Emma C. Kalish, Nicholas W. Papageorge
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15710
Investment and Subjective Uncertainty
Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, Lucia Foster, Scott Ohlmacher, Itay Saporta-Eksten
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15709
Geographic Variation in Inpatient Care Utilization, Outcomes and Costs for Dementia Patients in China
Zhuoer Lin, Fang Ba, Heather Allore, Gordon G. Liu, Xi Chen
published in: China CDC Weekly, 2022, 4 (45), 997-1001
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15708
The Identification of Time-Invariant Variables in Panel Data Model: Exploring the Role of Science in Firms’ Productivity
Sara Amoroso, Randolph Luca Bruno, Laura Magazzini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15707
An Arab, an Asian, and a Black Guy Walk into a Job Interview: Ethnic Stigma in Hiring after Controlling for Social Class
Hannah Van Borm, Louis Lippens, Stijn Baert
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15706
Short-Term Rental Bans and Housing Prices: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Lisbon
Duarte Gonçalves, Susana Peralta, João Pereira dos Santos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15705
Public Childcare, Labor Market Outcomes of Caregivers, and Child Development: Experimental Evidence from Brazil
Orazio Attanasio, Ricardo Paes de Barros, Pedro Carneiro, David K. Evans, Lycia Lima, Pedro Olinto, Norbert Schady
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15704
Social Norms and Gendered Occupational Choices of Men and Women: Time to Turn the Tide?
Patricia Palffy, Patrick Lehnert, Uschi Backes-Gellner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15703
The COVID-19 Baby Bump: The Unexpected Increase in U.S. Fertility Rates in Response to the Pandemic
Martha J. Bailey, Janet Currie, Hannes Schwandt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15702
Occupational Tasks and Wage Inequality in Germany: A Decomposition Analysis
Miriam Koomen, Uschi Backes-Gellner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15701
The Price and Employment Response of Firms to the Introduction of Minimum Wages
Sebastian Link
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15700
Pension Reforms, Longer Working Horizons and Depression. Does the Risk of Automation Matter?
Marco Bertoni, Giorgio Brunello, Filippo Da Re
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15699
The Heterogeneous Response of Real Estate Asset Prices to a Global Shock
Sandro Heiniger, Winfried Koeniger, Michael Lechner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15698
Empirical Evaluation of Broader Job Search Requirements for Unemployed Workers
Bas van der Klaauw, Heike Vethaak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15697
Who Protests, What Do They Protest, and Why?
Erica Chenoweth, Barton H. Hamilton, Hedwig Lee, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Stephen Roll, Matthew V. Zahn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15696
VOG: Using Volcanic Eruptions to Estimate the Impact of Air Pollution on Student Learning Outcomes
Timothy J. Halliday, Lester Lusher, Rachel Inafuku, Aureo de Paula
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15695
Recession and Deflation?
David G. Blanchflower, Alex Bryson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15694
IT Skills, Occupation Specificity and Job Separations
Christian Eggenberger, Uschi Backes-Gellner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15693
Skilled Immigration, Task Allocation and the Innovation of Firms
Anna Maria Mayda, Gianluca Orefice, Gianluca Santoni
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15692
Labor Market Effects of Bounds on Domestic Outsourcing
Bruno Jiménez, Silvio Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15691
Gender Diversity, Labour in the Boardroom and Gender Quotas
Astrid Kunze, Katrin Scharfenkamp
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15690
Microentrepreneurs' Gender Difference in Labor Demand
Oluwasheyi S. Oladipo, Hyoung Suk Shim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15689
Does Updating Education Curricula Accelerate Technology Adoption in the Workplace? Evidence from Dual Vocational Education and Training Curricula in Switzerland
Tobias Schultheiss, Uschi Backes-Gellner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15688
Different Degrees of Skill Obsolescence across Hard and Soft Skills and the Role of Lifelong Learning for Labor Market Outcomes
Tobias Schultheiss, Uschi Backes-Gellner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15687
Education Expansion and High-Skill Job Opportunities for Workers: Does a Rising Tide Lift All Boats?
Tobias Schultheiss, Curdin Pfister, Ann-Sophie Gnehm, Uschi Backes-Gellner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15686
How Does Testing Young Children Influence Educational Attainment and Well-Being?
Colin P. Green, Ole Henning Nyhus, Kari Vea Salvanes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15685
The Minimum Wage and Union Membership among Minimum Wage Workers: Why Do Unions Advocate for Minimum Wage Increases?
Jeffrey Clemens, Michael R. Strain
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15684
Learning Inequalities during COVID-19: Evidence from Longitudinal Surveys from Sub-Saharan Africa
Hai-Anh Dang, Gbemisola Oseni, Alberto Zezza, Kseniya Abanokova
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15683
Reputation vs Selection Effects in Markets With Informational Asymmetries
Theodore Alysandratos, Sotiris Georganas, Matthias Sutter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15682
Motivated Belief Updating and Rationalization of Information
Christoph Drobner, Sebastian J. Goerg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15681
Multitasking
Anzelika Zaiceva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15680
The Effect of Firm-Level Investment on Inequality and Poverty around the World
Mehmet S. Tosun, Ethan D. Watson, Serhat Yildiz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15679
The Geography of Occupational Choice: Empirical Evidence from the Swiss Apprenticeship Market
Andreas Kuhn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15678
Making It Home? Evidence on the Long-Run Impact of an Intensive Support Program for the Chronically Homeless on Housing, Employment and Health
Daniel Kühnle, Guy Johnson, Yi-Ping Tseng
forthcoming in: Journal of Urban Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15677
AI, Skill, and Productivity: The Case of Taxi Drivers
Kyogo Kanazawa, Daiji Kawaguchi, Hitoshi Shigeoka, Yasutora Watanabe
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15676
Management and Performance in the Public Sector: Evidence from German Municipalities
Florian Englmaier, Gerd Muehlheusser, Andreas Roider, Niklas Wallmeier
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15675
The Wage Elasticity of Recruitment
Boris Hirsch, Elke J. Jahn, Alan Manning, Michael Oberfichtner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15674
Gains from Trade and the Food Engel Curve
Farid Farrokhi, David Jinkins, Chong Xiang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15673
Income Misperception and Populism
Thilo N. H. Albers, Felix Kersting, Fabian Kosse
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15672
Parenting Promotes Social Mobility Within and Across Generations
Jorge Luis García, James J. Heckman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15671
Regression Discontinuity Evidence on the Effectiveness of the Minimum Legal E-cigarette Purchasing Age
Jeff DeSimone, Daniel Grossman, Nicolas R. Ziebarth
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15670
Households in Transit: COVID-19 and the Changing Measurement of Welfare
Laura Caron, Erwin R. Tiongson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15669
A Measure of Well-Being Efficiency Based on the World Happiness Report
Francesco Sarracino, Kelsey J. O'Connor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15668
Investment Tax Credits and the Response of Firms
Adrian Lerche
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15667
The Effect of Low-Skill Immigration Restrictions on US Firms and Workers: Evidence from a Randomized Lottery
Michael A. Clemens, Ethan Gatewood Lewis
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