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IZA/World Bank Workshop: Evaluation of Labor Market Programs in Developing Countries
| Organizers: | Markus Frölich (University of Mannheim and IZA), Alpaslan Akay (IZA), Rita K. Almeida (World Bank and IZA), Jean Fares (World Bank) |
| Place: | IZA, Bonn |
| Date: | February 20, 2009 - February 21, 2009 |
Joblessness and underemployment are one of the most challenging economic and social problems policy makers face in developing countries. Underlying these challenges are a sustained increase in the number of young people entering the labor market, an increase in the labor force participation of women, changing labor market demands, globalization and the reduced job creation even in countries undergoing high growth episodes. Policy makers across the globe struggle to find strategies that increase the probability that the jobless will find jobs, the underemployed will increase their productivity and labor income, and that school-leavers will transition to work without extended delays. In particular, active labor market programs and youth employment programs are increasingly seen as attractive policy instruments. Each year, many countries spend important resources on these programs. However, empirical evidence of the effectiveness and efficiency of most of these programs remains largely undocumented.
Despite the urgent policy demand, a good understanding of labor markets in low and middle income countries is still lacking, and knowledge gaps persist on what works and under what conditions. An evidence-based policy approach in developing countries calls for the effectiveness of labor programs to be supported by rigorous evaluations. Moreover, most of the available empirical evidence on labor market programs focuses on OECD countries, where its impact has shown to be mixed and heterogeneous. However, unlike in the case of developed countries, data quality is usually a severe constraint in developing countries. Several conferences on this topic have provided a forum for discussion and dissemination for OECD countries. The IZA/World Bank Workshop on Evaluation of Labor Market Programs in Developing Countries aimed to identify lessons learned and knowledge gaps for labor market policies in developing countries.
The workshop discussed the effectiveness and efficiency of labor market programs, highlighting in particular micro evaluations of active labor market and youth employment programs. These programs include a wide range of activities intended to foster the quality of labor supply (e.g., training), to increase labor demand (e.g., public works, wage subsidies), or to improve the matching of workers and jobs (e.g., job search assistance, employment agencies, apprenticeship). Examples from developed countries that provide a useful benchmark for practitioners in developing countries were also discussed.
The audience included researchers at universities and development practitioners in international organizations, such as the World Bank and the OECD; members of evaluation and research departments of multilateral and bilateral institutions, including the World Bank, BMZ/KFW/GTZ, DFID, and AFD; and policy makers interested in evaluation and evidence-based policy making.
Program
Friday, February 20:
| 08:30 | - | 09:00 | Registration | ||
| 09:00 | - | 09:30 | Welcome and Opening Remarks Marco Caliendo (IZA Director of Research), Markus Frölich (University of Mannheim and IZA) and Ariel Fiszbein (Chief Economist Human Development Network, World Bank) |
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| Session 1: Youth Employment Programs (School to Work Transition) | |||||
| Chair: Marco Caliendo (IZA) | |||||
| 09:30 | - | 10:00 | Adriana Kugler (University of Houston and IZA), Orazio Attanasio (University College London), Costas Meghir (University College London and IZA) | ||
| "Subsidizing Vocational Training for Disadvantaged Youth in Developing Countries: Evidence from a Randomized Trial" | |||||
| 10:00 | - | 10:30 | Francis J. Teal (University of Oxford and IZA), Courtney Monk (University of Oxford), Justin Sandefur (University of Oxford) | ||
| "Does Doing an Apprenticeship Pay Off? Evidence from Ghana" | |||||
| 10:30 | - | 10:50 | Discussant for both papers: Carmen Pagés (Inter-American Development Bank and IZA) | ||
| 10:50 | - | 11:00 | General Discussion | ||
| 11:00 | - | 11:30 | Coffee/Tea Break | ||
| Session 2: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment Programs | |||||
| Chair: Markus Frölich (University of Mannheim and IZA) | |||||
| 11:30 | - | 11:50 | Rita K. Almeida (World Bank and IZA), Emanuela Galasso (World Bank) | ||
| "Jump-starting Self-Employment? Evidence for Welfare Participants in Argentina" | |||||
| 11:50 | - | 12:10 | Steffen Künn (IZA), Marco Caliendo (IZA) | ||
| "Long-Term Effects of Start-up Subsidies in Germany" | |||||
| 12:10 | - | 12:30 | Matthias Schündeln (Goethe University Frankfurt and IZA), Bailey Klinger (Harvard University) | ||
| "Can Entrepreneurial Activity Be Taught? Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Central America" | |||||
| 12:30 | - | 12:50 | Discussant for these papers: Miriam Bruhn (World Bank) | ||
| 12:50 | - | 13:00 | General Discussion | ||
| 13:00 | - | 14:00 | Lunch | ||
| Session 3: Evaluation Methods and Approaches | |||||
| Chair: Rita K. Almeida (World Bank and IZA) | |||||
| 14:00 | - | 14:40 | Keynote Speech: Gerard J. van den Berg (Free University Amsterdam and IZA), Monica Costa Dias (University of Porto, IFS), Antoine Bozio (IFS) "Experiments and Regression Discontinuity with Duration Outcomes" |
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| 14:40 | - | 15:10 | David McKenzie (World Bank and IZA), Miriam Bruhn (World Bank) | ||
| "In Pursuit of Balance: Randomization in Practice in Development Field Experiments" | |||||
| 15:10 | - | 15:20 | Discussant: Markus Frölich (University of Mannheim and IZA) | ||
| 15:20 | - | 15:30 | General Discussion | ||
| 15:30 | - | 16:00 | Coffee/Tea Break | ||
| Session 4: Employment Services and Labor Market Intermediation | |||||
| Chair: Alpaslan Akay (IZA) | |||||
| 16:00 | - | 16:30 | Nuria Rodriguez-Planas (Universitat Autňnoma de Barcelona and IZA) | ||
| "Understanding Why Public Employment Services and Small-Business Assistance Programs Work at Getting the Unemployed Back to Work: Evidence from Romania" | |||||
| 16:30 | - | 17:00 | Manuel F. Bagues (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Mauro Sylos Labini (IMT Lucca Institute for Advanced Studies) | ||
| "Do On-Line Labor Market Intermediaries Matter? The Impact of AlmaLaurea on the University-to-Work Transition" | |||||
| 17:00 | - | 17:20 | Discussant for both papers: Milan Vodopivec (World Bank and IZA) | ||
| 17:20 | - | 17:30 | General Discussion | ||
| 19:00 | Dinner | ||||
Saturday, February 21:
| Session 5: World Bank Evaluations of ALMP & Youth Employment Programs | |||||
| 09:00 | - | 10:00 | Panel Session Chair: Ariel Fiszbein (Chief Economist Human Development Network, World Bank) Labor Market and Youth Employment Programs in Developing Countries Adriana Kugler (University of Houston and IZA), Harry Patrinos (World Bank), Gordon Betcherman (World Bank) |
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| 10:00 | - | 10:20 | General Discussion | ||
| Session 6: Meta Analysis of ALMP Evaluations | |||||
| Chair: Rita K. Almeida (World Bank and IZA) | |||||
| 10:20 | - | 10:50 | Jochen Kluve (RWI Essen and IZA), David Card (University of California, Berkeley and IZA), Andrea Weber (University of California, Berkeley and IZA) | ||
| "Active Labor Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-analysis" | |||||
| 10:50 | - | 11:00 | Discussant: Hartmut Lehmann (University of Bologna and IZA) | ||
| 11:00 | - | 11:10 | General Discussion | ||
| 11:10 | - | 11:30 | Coffee/Tea Break | ||
| Session 7: Ongoing Evaluations in Low Income Countries | |||||
| Chair: Gordon Betcherman (World Bank) | |||||
| 11:30 | - | 11:45 | Anna Fruttero (World Bank) | ||
| "Implementation Lessons from Honduras 'Mi Primero Empleo'" | |||||
| 11:45 | - | 12:00 | Cornelia Tesliuc (World Bank) | ||
| "Youth Employment Training Program - Lessons from the Dominican Republic" | |||||
| 12:00 | - | 12:15 | Jonas Hjort (University of California, Berkeley) | ||
| "Evaluating Vouchers for Vocational and Technical Training in Kenya" | |||||
| 12:15 | - | 12:30 | Sebastian Martinez (World Bank), Christopher Blattman (Yale University), Nathan Fiala (World Bank) | ||
| "The NUSAF Evaluation: A Cross-Cutting Design and Innovative Measurement Instruments" | |||||
| 12:30 | - | 12:45 | David McKenzie (World Bank and IZA) "Evaluating Wage Subsidies and Business Training for Microenterprises in Sri Lanka" |
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| 12:45 | - | 13:00 | General Discussion | ||
| 13:00 | - | 14:00 | Lunch | ||
| Session 8: Job Training and Employment Subsidies | |||||
| Chair: Markus Frölich (University of Mannheim and IZA) | |||||
| 14:00 | - | 14:30 | Pablo Ibarrarán (Inter-American Development Bank and IZA), David Rosas Shady (Inter-American Development Bank) | ||
| "Evaluating the Impact of Job Training Programs in Latin America: Evidence from IDB funded Operations" | |||||
| 14:30 | - | 15:00 | Carmen Pagés (Inter-American Development Bank and IZA), Gordon Betcherman (World Bank), Meltem Daysal (University of Maryland) | ||
| "Do Employment Subsidies Work? Evidence from Regionally Targeted Subsidies in Turkey" | |||||
| 15:00 | - | 15:20 | Discussant for both papers: Francis J. Teal (University of Oxford and IZA) | ||
| 15:20 | - | 15:30 | General Discussion | ||
| 15:30 | - | 16:00 | Coffee/Tea Break | ||
| Session 9: Workfare Programs | |||||
| Chair: Melanie Khamis (IZA) | |||||
| 16:00 | - | 16:30 | Philip K. Robins (University of Miami), Charles Michalopoulos (MDRC), David Card (University of California at Berkeley and IZA) | ||
| "When Financial Work Incentives pay for themselves: Evidence from a Randomized Social Experiment for Welfare Recipients" | |||||
| 16:30 | - | 17:00 | Ulf Rinne (IZA), Holger Bonin (ZEW Mannheim and IZA) | ||
| "Beautiful Serbia" | |||||
| 17:00 | - | 17:20 | Discussant for both papers: Adriana Kugler (University of Houston and IZA) | ||
| 17:20 | - | 17:30 | General Discussion | ||
| 17:30 | - | 17:40 | Coffee/Tea Break | ||
| 17:40 | - | 18:00 | Concluding Remarks and Main Knowledge Gaps Rita Almeida (World Bank and IZA) and Mario Macis (University of Michigan and IZA) |
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| 19:00 | Dinner | ||||
List of Participants
Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel (University of Houston)
Rita Almeida (World Bank)
Manuel Bagues (Universidad Carlos III, Madrid)
Gordon Betcherman (World Bank)
Hanka Boldemann (GTZ)
Miriam Bruhn (World Bank)
Marco Caliendo (IZA)
Sebastian Fehrler (University of Zurich)
Ariel Fiszbein (Chief Economist Human Development Network, World Bank)
Markus Frölich (University of Mannheim)
Anna Fruttero (World Bank)
Getinet Haile (University of Mannheim)
Jonas Hjort (University of California, Berkeley)
Pablo Ibarraran (Inter-American Development Bank)
Melanie Khamis (IZA)
Jochen Kluve (RWI Essen)
Philipp Kruschel (GTZ)
Steffen Künn (IZA)
Adriana Kugler (University of Houston)
Andreas Landmann (University of Mannheim)
Hartmut Lehmann (University of Bologna)
Mario Macis (University of Michigan)
Sebastian Martinez (World Bank)
David McKenzie (World Bank)
Markus Olapade (University of Mannheim)
Carmen Pagés (Inter-American Development Bank)
Silvia Paruzzolo (World Bank)
Harry Patrinos (World Bank)
Markus Pilgrim (Youth Employment Network (UN, ILO, World Bank))
Robert Poppe (University of Mannheim)
Ulf Rinne (IZA)
Philip Robins (University of Miami)
Nuria Rodriguez-Planas (Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona)
Ricarda Schmidl (IZA)
Matthias Schündeln (Harvard University)
Zahra Siddique (IZA)
Joana Silva (World Bank)
Darjusch Tafreschi (University of St. Gallen)
Francis Teal (University of Oxford)
Cornelia Tesliuc (World Bank)
Gerard van den Berg (Free University Amsterdam)
Milan Vodopivec (World Bank)
Björn Vollan (University of Mannheim)
Michaela Zintl (Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany)